Formation and Modification of Al2O3 and MnS Inclusions in Al-Killed Gear Steels via Ca Treatment
نویسندگان
چکیده
A laboratory study was carried out to better understand the factors that contribute formation of complex inclusions, as inclusions play an important role during steel production; if not properly managed, can cause nozzle clogging continuous casting and also damage steel’s mechanical properties machineability. To determine chemical composition are less detrimental machineability Al-deoxidized Ca-treated gear steels, thermodynamic calculations automated scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), well probe micro-X-ray analysis (EPMA) wavelength (WDS) technique, were utilized. The findings demonstrated morphology changed from irregular a more spherical type dual oxy-sulfides pure oxides sulfides Ca concentration in increased up 36 ppm. amount Pure MnS reduced significantly after treatment. ternary phase diagram stability for revealed 15–25 ppm is optimal range modification both into desired under stipulation O maintained at or below 50
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Inclusion Evolution during Modification of Alumina Inclusions by Calcium in Liquid Steel and Deformation during Hot Rolling Process
The production of clean steel involves the controlling, elimination, or modification of nonmetallic inclusions. In Al-killed steels, alumina is the main type of inclusion. Calcium treatment, by wire feeding, is commonly used to modify solid alumina inclusions to calcium aluminates, which exists in a fully or partially liquid phase. Liquid inclusions can improve steel castability, but make inclu...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Metals
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2075-4701']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met13071153